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Black August is an annual commemoration and prison-based holiday to remember Black political prisoners, Black freedom struggles in the United States and beyond, and to highlight Black resistance against racial, colonial and imperialist oppression. It takes place during the entire calendar month of August.[1]
Black August was initiated by the Black Guerilla Family in San Quentin State Prison in 1979 when a group of incarcerated people came together to commemorate the deaths of brothers Jonathan P. Jackson (d. August 7, 1970) and George Jackson (d. August 21, 1971) at San Quentin State Prison.[2] [3]
Impact in culture and the arts
Black August as a cultural movement has had a significant impact in the arts. The 2008 film Black August (film) focuses on the experiences of prison activist George Jackson. A book named Black August: 1619 – 2019 by Gloria Verdieu released in 2019. The Black Collective launched the Black August Mixtape in 2019. In visual art, the virtual exhibition “Black August” opened at the Crenshaw Dairy Mart in 2020.[4][5][6] [7] [8]
Dates celebrated or commemorated during Black August
- August 1: Emancipation Day in Antigua and Barbuda, Anguilla, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Canada
- August 7: death of Jonathan P. Jackson (d. August 7, 1970) at San Quentin State Prison
- August 11: Watts riots also known as the Watts Uprising, August 11-16 1965[9]
- August 14: Bois Caiman: Vodou ceremony that would lead to the first large scale uprising of the enslaved of Saint Domingue and spark the Haitian Revolution
- August 17: birth of pan-africanist leader Marcus Garvey (n. August 17, 1887 – d. June 10, 1940)
- August 21: beginning of Nat Turner’s slave rebellion (August 21-23, 1831)
- August 21: death of George Jackson (d. August 21, 1971) at San Quentin State Prison
- August 23: Uprising of the enslaved in Saint Domingue, beginning of the Haitian Revolution and commemorated by UNESCO as the International Day for the Remembrance of the Slave Trade and its Abolition[10]
- August 30: birth of Fred Hampton, who was deputy chairman of the Black Panther Party at the time of his assassination by the US Federal Bureau of Investigation.
References
- ^
Kaur, Harmeet (3 August 2020). “Activists are commemorating Black August. Here’s the history behind the month-long celebration”. CNN. Retrieved 2020-08-14.
- ^ Berger, Dan (2014). The Struggle Within: Prisons, Political Prisoners, and Mass Movements in the United States. PM Press. ISBN 978-1-60486-955-2.
- ^ “Celebrate Black August”. Critical Resistance. Retrieved 2020-10-31.
- ^ “Black August”. Crenshaw Dairy Mart. Retrieved 2022-08-02.
- ^ “‘Whose Streets?’ director Damon Davis curates ‘Black August’ resistance art at L.A. upstart”. Los Angeles Times. 6 August 2020. Retrieved 2022-08-02.
- ^ Verdieu, Gloria (2019). Black August: 1619-2019. Independently Published. ISBN 9781672426886.
- ^ Teodros, Gabriel (2 August 2019). “Black August Mixtape”. KEXP-FM (Podcast). Music That Matters. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
- ^ Hooker, Donald (25 June 2022). “Black August Through the Eyes of Incarcerated Artist Donald ‘C-Note’ Hooker”. C-Note. Retrieved 2022-07-29.
- ^ University, © Stanford; Stanford; California 94305 (2017-06-12). “Watts Rebellion (Los Angeles)”. The Martin Luther King, Jr., Research and Education Institute. Retrieved 2023-07-10.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ “International Day for the Remembrance of the Slave Trade and its Abolition”. unesco.org. Retrieved 2023-07-10.
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